Simply put, three-dimensional art generally occupies physical space and requires the viewer to engage with it spatially from different angles, or it is two-dimensional art that creates an unusually convincing illusion of space.
In the case of creating 3D illusions, artists will use perspective, light and shadow, and a combination of methods to essentially model an object that occupies has height, weight, depth, and casts a shadow.
Sculpture is one of the most easily recognizable forms of 3D art that encapsulates three-dimensionality through its physicality. All sculptures occupy space and therefore form part of the genre of 3D art.
The genre of Trompe l’oeil also known as illusionistic painting is also an interesting arena to explore since it employs various painting techniques that can deceive the viewer into believing that they are looking at actual objects in space.
Artists who work with graphic software can also use a 2D environment to create 3D artwork. 3D art can also find itself in visual effects in movies that often begin as preliminary sketches and are then recreated as virtual reality.